Vikings had a range of enemies who they encountered during their expansion, exploration and raiding. Some of the most prominent enemies were:
Anglo-Saxons - Vikings frequently raided and pillaged England in the 9th and 10th centuries, often clashing with the Anglo-Saxon rulers and armies.
Franks - Vikings clashed with the Frankish Empire, which was based in modern-day France, during their expansion into Europe.
Celts - Vikings encountered the Celtic peoples, who inhabited parts of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, during their raids and explorations.
Slavs - Vikings encountered various Slavic tribes during their eastern expeditions, including the Wends, who lived along the shores of the Baltic Sea.
Byzantines - Vikings encountered the Byzantine Empire, centered around Constantinople, during their raids on the Black Sea region and Constantinople itself.
Arabs - Vikings encountered the Arab world during their expeditions into the Mediterranean, leading to clashes with Arab armies and pirates.
Picts - Vikings encountered the Pictish people, who inhabited parts of Scotland, during their raids and explorations in the region.
Overall, Vikings had a wide range of enemies who they clashed with during their expansion and exploration, and their encounters with these peoples shaped their culture and history.
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